After a shop began playing background music, its average spend per customer rose. The background music therefore increased how much each customer spends.
Which of the following, if true, most weakens the argument above?
Weakening Arguments
Weakening questions ask which new fact would most undermine the argument. The best weakener attacks the link between the premises and the conclusion — an alternative cause, a counterexample, or an unrepresentative sample.
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How to think about it
- Find the link the argument relies on and attack that, not the general topic.
- Look for an alternative cause, a counterexample, or a biased sample.
- Remember weaken ≠ disprove — you want the biggest honest dent, not a refutation.
- Confirm the option bears on this conclusion, not a side issue.
The most common trap
Attacking a side issue instead of the argument's link.