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Deduction

Free category · verified explanations after every question

Deduction questions ask what must be true given the premises — syllogisms, conditional chains and quantifier logic. The answer is what the premises force, never merely what they make possible.

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Guided practice

10 questions, unseen-first, with the answer explained after each one.

Checkpoint

10 randomised questions, scored at the end. Take it any time — pass 8/10 and this category is done.

Mode

How to think about it

  1. Ask what must follow, not what could be true.
  2. Use the contrapositive: 'if P then Q' also gives you 'if not Q then not P'.
  3. Draw quantifier statements ('all', 'some', 'none') as overlapping sets.
  4. For ordering relations, lay the items on a line and read off what is fixed.

The most common trap

The converse error — reading 'if P then Q' as 'if Q then P'.

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Worked example

Deductionconditional chaineasy

Every chilled churn is moved to the loading bay. Every churn in the loading bay is weighed by the dairyman.

Conclusion: Every chilled churn is weighed by the dairyman. Does the conclusion follow from the premises?

Choose an answer to reveal the explanation

Verified answer: A — Follows

The evidence

Every chilled churn is moved to the loading bay. Every churn in the loading bay is weighed by the dairyman.

The highlighted text decides the answer.

What to notice

Two one-way rules chain through 'the loading bay'.

The rule

Hypothetical syllogism: (chilled -> bay), (bay -> weighed) gives (chilled -> weighed).

Why the others are wrong

  • B — Does Not Follow: The two rules chain cleanly; rejecting the link drops premise 2.
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